{
  "name": "french-electionn",
  "layout": {
    "align": "center",
    "composition": "projection",// map visualization
    "projection": {
      "feature": "regions",// topojson file to draw a French map
      "url": "data/france.json",
      "datakey": "name",// mapping the region name and data keys
      "linkkey": "properties.name"
    },
    "width": 1050,
    "height": 926,
    "row": [// latitude
      "latitude"
    ],
    "column": [// longitude
      "longitude"
    ]
  },
  "layer": [
    {
      "mark": {// a geoshape layer to draw colored map element
        "type": "geoshape",
        "color": {
          "field": "winner",
          "type": "nominal",
          "scale": {// a manual scale for a nominal encoding
            "domain": [
              "Candidate A",
              "Candidate B",
              "Candidate C",
              "Candidate D",
              "Candidate E"
            ],
            "range": [
              "#8fbcef",
              "#f9ad8f",
              "#1f77b4",
              "#7c4ba5",
              "#e2de83"
            ]
          }
        },
        "strokeWidth": {
          "value": 0.5
        },
        "stroke": {
          "value": "black"
        },
        "detail": {
          "field": "name"
        }
      },
      "text": [
        {// legend
          "type": "legend",
          "field": "winner",
          "orient": "top",
          "direction": "horizontal",
          "items": [
            {
              "fontSize": 13,
              "align": "left",
              "marginRight": 8
            }
          ],
          "offset": 20
        },
        {// mark labels, for manual positioning
          "type": "on-mark",
          "field": "name",
          "orient": "top-left",
          "anchorAlign": "end",
          "values": [
            "Nord"
          ],
          "width": 200,
          "dx": -50,
          "dy":  25,
          "items": [
            {
              "align": "left",
              "expression": "(datum.label)"
            }
          ],
          "tick": true
        },
        {// mark labels, for manual positioning
          "type": "on-mark",
          "field": "name",
          "orient": "top-left",
          "anchorAlign": "start",
          "values": [
            "Aisne"
          ],
          "width": 200,
          "dx": 150,
          "dy": -60,
          "items": [
            {
              "align": "left",
              "expression": "(datum.label)"
            }
          ],
          "tick": true
        },
        {// mark labels, for manual positioning
          "type": "on-mark",
          "field": "name",
          "orient": "top-left",
          "anchorAlign": "start",
          "values": [
            "Sarthe"
          ],
          "width": 200,
          "dx": -280,
          "dy": 190,
          "items": [
            {
              "align": "left",
              "expression": "(datum.label)"
            }
          ],
          "tick": true
        },
        {// mark labels, for manual positioning
          "type": "on-mark",
          "field": "name",
          "orient": "bottom-left",
          "anchorAlign": "start",
          "values": [
            "Gironde"
          ],
          "width": 200,
          "dx": -230,
          "dy": -50,
          "items": [
            {
              "align": "left",
              "expression": "(datum.label)"
            }
          ],
          "tick": true
        },
        {// mark labels, for manual positioning
          "type": "on-mark",
          "field": "name",
          "orient": "bottom-left",
          "anchorAlign": "end",
          "values": [
            "Alpes-Maritimes"
          ],
          "width": 250,
          "dx": 50,
          "dy": 50,
          "items": [
            {
              "align": "left",
              "expression": "(datum.label)"
            }
          ],
          "tick": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "data": [// dataset for the visualization
    {
      "name": "Ain",
      "population": 603827,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aisne",
      "population": 541302,
      "winner": "Candidate B",
      "label": "Ms. Le Pen dominated most of the north, strengthening the National Front’s roots in a region with high unemployment."
    },
    {
      "name": "Allier",
      "population": 342729,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alpes-de-Haute-Provence",
      "population": 160959,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hautes-Alpes",
      "population": 138605,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alpes-Maritimes",
      "population": 1081244,
      "winner": "Candidate A",
      "label": "Compared with 2012, Ms. Le Pen surged in the Nice region, historically a stronghold of parties on the right."
    },
    {
      "name": "Ardèche",
      "population": 317277,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ardennes",
      "population": 283110,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ariège",
      "population": 152286,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aube",
      "population": 303997,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aude",
      "population": 359967,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aveyron",
      "population": 275813,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bouches-du-Rhône",
      "population": 1975896,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Calvados",
      "population": 685262,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cantal",
      "population": 147577,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Charente",
      "population": 352705,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Charente-Maritime",
      "population": 625682,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cher",
      "population": 311694,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corrèze",
      "population": 242454,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corse-du-Sud",
      "population": 145846,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haute-Corse",
      "population": 168640,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Côte-d'Or",
      "population": 525931,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Côtes-d'Armor",
      "population": 594375,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Creuse",
      "population": 122560,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dordogne",
      "population": 415168,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Doubs",
      "population": 529103,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Drôme",
      "population": 487993,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eure",
      "population": 588111,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eure-et-Loir",
      "population": 430416,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finistère",
      "population": 899870,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gard",
      "population": 718357,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haute-Garonne",
      "population": 1260226,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gers",
      "population": 188893,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gironde",
      "population": 1463662,
      "winner": "Candidate D",
      "label": "Mr. Macron won big around Bordeaux, a center-left area where he is expected to rack up large margins in the runoff."
    },
    {
      "name": "Hérault",
      "population": 1062036,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ille-et-Vilaine",
      "population": 996439,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Indre",
      "population": 230175,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Indre-et-Loire",
      "population": 593683,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Isère",
      "population": 1215212,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jura",
      "population": 261294,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Landes",
      "population": 387929,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Loir-et-Cher",
      "population": 331280,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Loire",
      "population": 749053,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haute-Loire",
      "population": 224907,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Loire-Atlantique",
      "population": 1296364,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Loiret",
      "population": 659587,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lot",
      "population": 174754,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lot-et-Garonne",
      "population": 330866,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lozère",
      "population": 77156,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maine-et-Loire",
      "population": 790343,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Manche",
      "population": 499531,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marne",
      "population": 566571,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haute-Marne",
      "population": 182375,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mayenne",
      "population": 307031,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Meurthe-et-Moselle",
      "population": 733124,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Meuse",
      "population": 193557,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Morbihan",
      "population": 727083,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Moselle",
      "population": 1045146,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nièvre",
      "population": 218341,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nord",
      "population": 2579208,
      "winner": "Candidate E",
      "label": "Mr. Hamon was humiliated in Lille, traditionally a Socialist bastion, and finished with less than 7 percent over all."
    },
    {
      "name": "Oise",
      "population": 805642,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Orne",
      "population": 290891,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pas-de-Calais",
      "population": 1462807,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Puy-de-Dôme",
      "population": 635469,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pyrénées-Atlantiques",
      "population": 656608,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hautes-Pyrénées",
      "population": 229228,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pyrénées-Orientales",
      "population": 452530,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bas-Rhin",
      "population": 1099269,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haut-Rhin",
      "population": 753056,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rhône",
      "population": 1744236,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haute-Saône",
      "population": 239695,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Saône-et-Loire",
      "population": 555999,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sarthe",
      "population": 565718,
      "winner": "Candidate C",
      "label": "Mr. Fillon, who finished third, struggled to beat Ms. Le Pen in parts of his home region, where he received less than 30 percent."
    },
    {
      "name": "Savoie",
      "population": 418949,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haute-Savoie",
      "population": 746994,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Paris",
      "population": 2249975,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Seine-Maritime",
      "population": 1251282,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Seine-et-Marne",
      "population": 1338427,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yvelines",
      "population": 1413635,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deux-Sèvres",
      "population": 370939,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Somme",
      "population": 571211,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tarn",
      "population": 377675,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tarn-et-Garonne",
      "population": 244545,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Var",
      "population": 1012735,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vaucluse",
      "population": 546630,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vendée",
      "population": 641657,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vienne",
      "population": 428447,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haute-Vienne",
      "population": 376058,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vosges",
      "population": 378830,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yonne",
      "population": 342463,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Territoire de Belfort",
      "population": 143348,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    },
    {
      "name": "Essonne",
      "population": 1225191,
      "winner": "Candidate B"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hauts-de-Seine",
      "population": 1581628,
      "winner": "Candidate C"
    },
    {
      "name": "Seine-Saint-Denis",
      "population": 1529928,
      "winner": "Candidate D"
    },
    {
      "name": "Val-de-Marne",
      "population": 1333702,
      "winner": "Candidate E"
    },
    {
      "name": "Val-d'Oise",
      "population": 1180365,
      "winner": "Candidate A"
    }
  ]
}